Varicella chickenpox
Differential Diagnosis
The Prurigo, Acute of Childhood is a disease of the skin allergic-type caused by mites.
Lesions save the scalp, face and mucous membranes. They sit mainly on the sides of extension members. The button is first a papule resembling a large stick which nettle progresses to a blister firm or hard. The evolution of prurigo is on the mode of recurrences and differential diagnosis arises course for the first outbreak.
The bullous impetigo causes bubbles purulent.
Treatment
The hygiene measures are essential:
The nails are cut short and kept clean by brushing antiseptic soap. The skin will be cleaned daily. The sheets and towels will be changed every day. A pajama closed prevent the child from scratching too.
The child must be isolated until the dryness of blisters. The dried scabs are not contagious.
Foreclosure school is required until clinical recovery.
Drugs:
- Against pruritus:
- Hl antihistamines orally.
- Locally pruritus can be calmed with freezing fluid of carbon.
The child may be immersed in a bath of hot water containing starch or baking soda. It sometimes advises baths in water with leaves CORROSOL.
To avoid infection: Parents can make touching daily with dyes or antiseptic solutions to avoid infection: Parents can make touching daily with dyes or antiseptic solutions
In case of infection, antibiotics are needed to keep the scars.
If the child was treated before the eruption of steroids for another disease, we must continue the treatment with the same doses under close supervision.
The acyclovir is used in children over 2 years for chickenpox very excited. It seems to accelerate clinical recovery and decreases the risk of complications if given within 3 days. His extensive use is limited by its cost and the risk of emergence of resistant virus.
The complicated forms (varicella pneumonia, for example) require hospitalization.
Chickenpox serious neonatal observed among children born to mothers who had the rash between 4 days before and 2 days after delivery
Varicella in pregnant women
The risk of malformations (members, brain eye) is rare in cases of maternal varicella during the first trimester of pregnancy. The risk of neonatal infection is high in cases of maternal eruption occurring between 5 days before and 2 days after delivery (no transmission to the newborn of maternal antibodies), then there is a risk of severe chickenpox with pneumonia interstitial sometimes fatal.
The treatment at birth must be done by specific immunoglobulin (ZIG) and close monitoring. The aciclovir is recommended in case of clinical symptoms.
SYMPTOMS
The silent incubation lasts a fortnight.
The invasion is either silent or marked by a general malaise, a low-grade fever 38 ° C and headaches.
The rash, itchy (causing itching) is characteristic.
It can start anywhere, but usually the first elements appear on the trunk and the root hair. The rash spreads without order but respects a little face and many palms and plants.
The appearance of the element passes through several stages.
It is first a "macula", a kind of red from 2 to 3 mm in diameter on the skin reflecting the dilation of blood capillaries superficial.
Soon, this spot takes relief and becomes a "papule".